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10 articles

backend

Backend engineering articles on API design, database modelling, microservices, performance tuning, and the architectural trade-offs behind each choice.


9 read
Database Normalization Explained: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF with Examples
Database normalization made practical: what 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF actually mean, worked SQL examples of each, and when normalizing further stops being worth it.
7 read
How to Model Many-to-Many Relationships (Junction Tables)
A clear guide to modelling many-to-many relationships in SQL: what a junction table is, how to build one, and how to store extra data about the relationship.
8 read
MySQL Slow Query Log: Find and Fix Your Slowest Queries
Turn on the MySQL slow query log, read it properly, and turn the worst offenders into fast queries. The practical way to find what's dragging your database down.
8 read
Primary Keys: Integer vs UUID (How to Choose)
Should your primary key be an auto-increment integer or a UUID? The real trade-offs in performance, distribution, and privacy, and how to pick with confidence.
8 read
Why Is MySQL Using 100% CPU? Causes and How to Fix It
MySQL pinned at 100% CPU? Find the queries causing it, fix the real cause instead of upsizing the server, and stop it coming back. A practical diagnosis guide.
9 read
Why Is MySQL So Slow? A Diagnosis Checklist That Finds the Cause
MySQL slow and you don't know why? Work through this checklist, from slow queries and missing indexes to locking, disk, and config, to find the real cause fast.
17 read
MySQL Optimization: Complete Performance Tuning Guide
A practical MySQL optimization guide for faster queries: indexing, EXPLAIN analysis, query tuning, configuration, and performance monitoring.
16 read
Database Design Examples: Real-World Schema Patterns
Practical database design examples with real SQL schemas for e-commerce, SaaS, social media, booking, and CMS apps, plus indexing best practices.
9 read
Microservices vs Monolithic: How to Choose
An honest microservices vs monolithic comparison: when each architecture makes sense, the real trade-offs and hidden costs, and how to decide.
6 read
What is MVP in Business? A Practical Guide for Startups
What MVP means in business and software: a practical guide to building a minimum viable product that validates your startup idea fast and cheaply.